@EdWorkingPaper{ai23-886,
title = "Access to Ethnic Studies in California Public Schools",
author = "Emily K. Penner, Dan Ma",
institution = "Annenberg Institute at Brown University",
number = "886",
year = "2023",
month = "December",
URL = "http://www.edworkingpapers.com/ai23-886",
abstract = {We examine access to high school Ethnic Studies in California, a new graduation requirement beginning in 2029-30. Data from the California Department of Education and the University of California Office of the President indicate that roughly 50 percent of public high school students in 2020-21 attend a school that offers Ethnic Studies or a related course, but as of 2018-19, only 0.2 percent of students were enrolled in such a course. Achieving parity with economics, a current graduation requirement, requires more than doubling the number of Ethnic Studies teachers relative to 2018-19. We also examine school and community factors that predict offering Ethnic Studies and provide descriptive information about the Ethnic Studies teaching force across the state.},
}